A Study of the Challenges Encountered in the Conquest of Tabaristan

The Islamic conquests, which started under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), have been continued throughout history with efforts Companions and other Muslims later on. military campaigns carried out by army could result in conquest as well defeats. Internal external factors had a decisive position obtaining these results. As conquests that from time Rashidun Caliphate, many regions cities came rule Islam short time. One exception was Taberistan region on southern shores Caspian Sea. region, has harsh difficult geography surrounded steep mountains, ruled local dynasties during Sassanid period. existence dynasties, convenience topography, also allowed to act independently political point view. Gavbare most important exist after fall Sassanids. Due its topography structure, shelter for those who belonged opposition movements This geopolitical situation post-Islamic Although each geography, where wars were out, own advantages disadvantages, Tabaristan, Muslims, one furthest difficulties experienced due both human nature. fact not be fully conquered long problems this process require subject examined different perspective. For purpose, first part study, information about naming takes place. In second part, handled chronologically. third evaluated lasted two centuries. Geographic conditions climate permanent region. rainy muddy terrain resulting it, unaccustomed to, montainous main promlems. addition difficulty geographical conditions, foreign suffered serious defeats falling various war traps. Another reason failure negative consequences some decisions taken Muslim commanders. people warlike character reasons their struggle Muslims. Long-term conflicts, devastating resulted agreements made at times. Despite made, it is seen break whenever they find opportunity. Additionaly, administrators organized led rebellions. Failure comply rebellions caused over organization easy, distance settlement created terms logistics. When conflicts between added all problems, seizure spread period These identified study aimed look perspectives present an example analysis regional level.